In planning industrial zones, which risk is commonly monitored for environmental and social reasons?

• A. Pollution and displacement
• B. Excessively rapid population growth in rural areas
• C. Decrease in job opportunities
• D. Reducing urban water supply

Answer: (A)

In planning industrial zones, risk monitoring focuses on how projects affect both people and the environment. Pollution from emissions, wastewater, and soil or water contamination directly harms ecosystems and public health, while displacement occurs when land is needed for development and communities must be relocated or lose livelihoods. These environmental and social dimensions are routinely assessed and mitigated through processes like environmental and social impact assessments, with measures such as pollution controls, buffer zones, responsible land acquisition, and fair relocation planning. The other options touch on related issues, but they don’t capture the combined environmental and social risks as clearly as pollution and displacement.